Chronologie de l’empire colonial portugais - Texte
- 1419-1488 : explorations de la côte ouest-africaine : établissement de comptoirs commerciaux (Cap-Vert,Guinée).
- 1498 : Vasco de Gama atteint l’Inde. Ouverture de la route maritime vers l’Asie.
- 1500 : découverte et prise de possession duBrésilpar Pedro Álvares Cabral.
- 1510 : conquête deGoa(Inde), une base stratégique en Asie.
- 1511 : conquête de Malacca (Malaisie), qui permet le contrôle du commerce des épices.
- 1557 :Macaodevient un comptoir commercial portugais.
- Développement de la colonisation du Brésil avec une expansion territoriale et une exploitation des ressources.
- 1641 : perte de Malacca au profit des Néerlandais, perte de territoires en Inde au profit des Néerlandais et des Anglais.
Liens utiles
https://earth.google.com/web/search/cap+vert/@16.25056191,-25.22754292,-1677.39282535a,3645262.55978286d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnYaSBJCCiQweDkzNThmMjE1OTExNTEzMToweDZiMWFmMjM2ZjkxOGVhMWYZtRX7y-6JMEAhCfmgZ7MKN8AqCGNhcCB2ZXJ0GAIgASImCiQJLD9pAHfnNEARwBWEw4ldE0AZJK2WResbWEAh0L674z59TEBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/cap+vert/@16.25056191,-25.22754292,-1677.39282535a,3645262.55978286d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnYaSBJCCiQweDkzNThmMjE1OTExNTEzMToweDZiMWFmMjM2ZjkxOGVhMWYZtRX7y-6JMEAhCfmgZ7MKN8AqCGNhcCB2ZXJ0GAIgASImCiQJLD9pAHfnNEARwBWEw4ldE0AZJK2WResbWEAh0L674z59TEBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/guin%c3%a9e/@9.91290318,-10.68408647,200.17205286a,1909116.33286268d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CnUaRxJBCiQweGYwMWIzMjFiY2NlOTUzZjoweGU4NzM3YmNiZDc1YTJkZjYZpgux-iPkI0AhBthHp65kI8AqB2d1aW7DqWUYAiABIiYKJAmLBbkc0zk7QBEuaJV1I7Dgvxm33-T0M3MpQCGjGvY9DZdPwEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAA
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- 1492 : Christophe Colomb débarque à Hispaniola (actuelleRépublique dominicaine et Haïti), àCubaet dans d’autres îles des Caraïbes, marquant le début de la colonisation espagnole des Amériques.
- 1519-1521 : Hernán Cortés conquiert l’Empire aztèque auMexique, établissant la vice-royauté de Nouvelle-Espagne, qui comprenait également l’Amérique centrale.
- 1532-1537 : Francisco Pizarro conquiert l’Empire inca auPérou, établissant la vice-royauté du Pérou, qui s’étend sur la côte ouest de l’Amérique du Sud depuis l’Équateurjusqu’au nord duChili.
- L’Espagne étend sa domination sur de vastes régions, notamment laFloride, leChili, l’Argentineet laColombie.
- 1565 : l’Espagne établit une colonie àManilleaux Philippines.
- L’Espagne perd des territoires dans les Caraïbes au profit de l’Angleterre et de la France au XVIIᵉ siècle.
- L’Espagne cède la Floride aux États-Unis au XVIIIᵉ siècle.
Liens utiles
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https://earth.google.com/web/search/manille/@14.79244842,121.78783371,222.48614123a,624552.86932155d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnYaSBJCCiUweDMzOTdjYTAzNTcxZWMzOGI6MHg2OWQxZDU3NTEwNjljMTFmGcsXD0rzMi1AIXglyXP9Pl5AKgdtYW5pbGxlGAIgASImCiQJzREA0uFrMkARtfh4F18YI8AZKuHlW4p4Q8Ah1G44TBNAW8BCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAAChronologie de l’empire colonial britannique - Texte
- 1497 : Jean Cabot (Giovanni Caboto), un navigateur italien au service de l’Angleterre, explore la côte deTerre-Neuve, marquant le début des revendications anglaises en Amérique du Nord.
- Divers navigateurs anglais explorent les côtes américaines au XVIᵉ siècle.
- 1607 : fondation deJamestownpar la Virginia Company, première colonie anglaise permanente en Amérique du Nord.
- 1620 : arrivée des Pèlerins àPlymouth(Massachusetts) sur le Mayflower, début de la colonisation de la Nouvelle-Angleterre.
- 1655 : prise de laJamaïqueaux Espagnols, point stratégique dans les Caraïbes.
- Expansion des colonies dans les Caraïbes, développement de la culture de la canne à sucre et de l’esclavage sur la fin du XVIIᵉ siècle.
- Développement de la Compagnie britannique des Indes orientales, qui étend son influence enIndeau début du XVIIᵉ siècle.
- 1756-1763 : guerre de Sept Ans, victoire britannique, acquisition duCanada(Nouvelle-France) et de vastes territoires en Inde.
- 1770 : James Cook arrive enAustralie, revendiquant la côte Est pour la Grande-Bretagne.
Liens utiles
https://earth.google.com/web/search/terres+neuves/@48.95805799,-49.93662584,53.54330002a,1945734.07398731d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CnsaTRJHCiQweDRiNzBiNjA0ZDQxYjg3Zjk6MHhmMDZlNDQ3NTAzOTg3MTAZ7zxMVqBNSEAh6R24FKEqTMAqDXRlcnJlcyBuZXV2ZXMYAiABIiYKJAnI30YrpJnxPxH5rNXABIkvwBm_gddoTTFjQCH8iOxiblhcQEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/terres+neuves/@48.95805799,-49.93662584,53.54330002a,1945734.07398731d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CnsaTRJHCiQweDRiNzBiNjA0ZDQxYjg3Zjk6MHhmMDZlNDQ3NTAzOTg3MTAZ7zxMVqBNSEAh6R24FKEqTMAqDXRlcnJlcyBuZXV2ZXMYAiABIiYKJAnI30YrpJnxPxH5rNXABIkvwBm_gddoTTFjQCH8iOxiblhcQEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/Jamestown,+Rhode+Island,+%c3%89tats-Unis/@42.21598554,-68.23645432,654.21304101a,1362585.11634976d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CpMBGmUSXwolMHg4OWU1YWUwYzMxNjZkOGVkOjB4MjE2ZjAzZDIzOTIyM2M1ORmFyI4yh79EQCGdWVwtwddRwCokSmFtZXN0b3duLCBSaG9kZSBJc2xhbmQsIMOJdGF0cy1VbmlzGAIgASImCiQJ7DQgOvqLRUARpcV7hkozREAZpS65rEVjUMAhUGaSdWd3UsBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/Jamestown,+Rhode+Island,+%c3%89tats-Unis/@42.21598554,-68.23645432,654.21304101a,1362585.11634976d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CpMBGmUSXwolMHg4OWU1YWUwYzMxNjZkOGVkOjB4MjE2ZjAzZDIzOTIyM2M1ORmFyI4yh79EQCGdWVwtwddRwCokSmFtZXN0b3duLCBSaG9kZSBJc2xhbmQsIMOJdGF0cy1VbmlzGAIgASImCiQJ7DQgOvqLRUARpcV7hkozREAZpS65rEVjUMAhUGaSdWd3UsBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/Plymouth+(Massachusetts)/@41.81905548,-69.70840863,-61.69581544a,464691.92457497d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CoYBGlgSUgolMHg4OWU0YjllZmUxYjIyZDcxOjB4ZTk5MDcwY2FiNmVhMmUyMxn0PkRZrvpEQCEPVxhstKpRwCoXUGx5bW91dGggKE1hc3NhY2h1c2V0dHMYAiABIiYKJAmLtkrTOHdKQBGzS9fZ6oVEQBk-SCaHyUI6wCG2NEL5MGdSwEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/Plymouth+(Massachusetts)/@41.81905548,-69.70840863,-61.69581544a,464691.92457497d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CoYBGlgSUgolMHg4OWU0YjllZmUxYjIyZDcxOjB4ZTk5MDcwY2FiNmVhMmUyMxn0PkRZrvpEQCEPVxhstKpRwCoXUGx5bW91dGggKE1hc3NhY2h1c2V0dHMYAiABIiYKJAmLtkrTOHdKQBGzS9fZ6oVEQBk-SCaHyUI6wCG2NEL5MGdSwEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/jamaique/@18.07843654,-75.33328827,-175.48550498a,1165918.36335808d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CncaSRJDCiUweDhlZGEyYTFiYzZjZjcxOWQ6MHg1OWEwZDFjMGI1MTIwZWZhGVJDG4ANHDJAIRiT_l4KU1PAKghqYW1haXF1ZRgCIAEiJgokCUftAbmt0EZAEazuuSVns0JAGUY89txUXkvAIRKYGrQZb1TAQgIIAToDCgEwQgIIAEoNCP___________wEQAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/jamaique/@18.07843654,-75.33328827,-175.48550498a,1165918.36335808d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CncaSRJDCiUweDhlZGEyYTFiYzZjZjcxOWQ6MHg1OWEwZDFjMGI1MTIwZWZhGVJDG4ANHDJAIRiT_l4KU1PAKghqYW1haXF1ZRgCIAEiJgokCUftAbmt0EZAEazuuSVns0JAGUY89txUXkvAIRKYGrQZb1TAQgIIAToDCgEwQgIIAEoNCP___________wEQAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/Inde/@22.66001238,78.7071747,292.36218361a,10018307.59602427d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CnMaRRI_CiUweDMwNjM1ZmYwNmI5MmI3OTE6MHhkNzhjNGZhMTg1NDIxM2E2GZEotKz7lzRAIT1-b9OfvVNAKgRJbmRlGAIgASImCiQJ8XCGS_5oNUARq-co_oLGLEAZDjoJ--qzUMAhOAaYNb72VMBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/Inde/@22.66001238,78.7071747,292.36218361a,10018307.59602427d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CnMaRRI_CiUweDMwNjM1ZmYwNmI5MmI3OTE6MHhkNzhjNGZhMTg1NDIxM2E2GZEotKz7lzRAIT1-b9OfvVNAKgRJbmRlGAIgASImCiQJ8XCGS_5oNUARq-co_oLGLEAZDjoJ--qzUMAhOAaYNb72VMBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/canada/@55.18312095,-97.29816121,168.51742715a,10863867.99445555d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnUaRxJBCiUweDRiMGQwM2QzMzdjYzZhZDk6MHg5OTY4YjcyYWEyNDM4ZmE1GVJBRdWvEExAIeAM_n4xllrAKgZjYW5hZGEYAiABIiYKJAkVel9RALMaQBHI1N-Vk3xCwBk78PEmQnVVQCEoweG6N2BmwEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/canada/@55.18312095,-97.29816121,168.51742715a,10863867.99445555d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnUaRxJBCiUweDRiMGQwM2QzMzdjYzZhZDk6MHg5OTY4YjcyYWEyNDM4ZmE1GVJBRdWvEExAIeAM_n4xllrAKgZjYW5hZGEYAiABIiYKJAkVel9RALMaQBHI1N-Vk3xCwBk78PEmQnVVQCEoweG6N2BmwEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/Australie/@-26.17318905,133.41267984,445.45875977a,8546186.50702417d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CngaShJECiUweDJiMmJmZDA3Njc4N2M1ZGY6MHg1MzgyNjdhMTk1NWIxMzUyGXoWhPI-RjnAIXk-A-rNuGBAKglBdXN0cmFsaWUYAiABIiYKJAmJD0QwBlE_QBG4_3qbdxYSwBm6MMIWPI1hQCGeidXQahc5QEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/Australie/@-26.17318905,133.41267984,445.45875977a,8546186.50702417d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CngaShJECiUweDJiMmJmZDA3Njc4N2M1ZGY6MHg1MzgyNjdhMTk1NWIxMzUyGXoWhPI-RjnAIXk-A-rNuGBAKglBdXN0cmFsaWUYAiABIiYKJAmJD0QwBlE_QBG4_3qbdxYSwBm6MMIWPI1hQCGeidXQahc5QEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAAChronologie de l’empire colonial français - Texte
- 1534-1542 : Jacques Cartier effectue trois voyages auCanada, explorant le fleuve Saint-Laurent et prenant possession du territoire au nom de la France.
- 1608 : Samuel de Champlain fondeQuébec, établissant la première colonie française permanente en Nouvelle-France. Il explore également les Grands Lacs et contribue à la cartographie de la région.
- 1635 : la Compagnie des îles d’Amérique prend possession de laMartiniqueet de laGuadeloupe, marquant le début de la colonisation française de ces îles. Ces îles deviennent rapidement des centres de production de sucre, utilisant une main-d’œuvre esclave africaine.
- 1697 : par le traité de Ryswick, l’Espagne cède officiellement la partie occidentale de l’île d’Hispaniola à la France, qui la renomme Saint-Domingue (actuelleHaïti).
- René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle descend le fleuve Mississippi jusqu’au golfe du Mexique, revendiquant laLouisianeau nom de la France à la fin du XVIIᵉ siècle.
- Établissement de comptoirs en Inde (Pondichéry) à la fin du XVIIᵉ siècle.
- 1756-1763 : guerre de Sept Ans, perte de la Nouvelle-France (Canada) et de la majeure partie de l’Indeau profit de la Grande-Bretagne.
- 1803 : vente de laLouisianeaux États-Unis par Napoléon Bonaparte.
Liens utiles
https://earth.google.com/web/search/canada/@55.99770432,-96.00792267,194.05070224a,10650160.93649781d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnUaRxJBCiUweDRiMGQwM2QzMzdjYzZhZDk6MHg5OTY4YjcyYWEyNDM4ZmE1GVJBRdWvEExAIeAM_n4xllrAKgZjYW5hZGEYAiABIiYKJAmeqQVOrJQwQBGPNtZQH9opQBl7EZ8DSoVfQCFITo-4jV9dQEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/canada/@55.99770432,-96.00792267,194.05070224a,10650160.93649781d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnUaRxJBCiUweDRiMGQwM2QzMzdjYzZhZDk6MHg5OTY4YjcyYWEyNDM4ZmE1GVJBRdWvEExAIeAM_n4xllrAKgZjYW5hZGEYAiABIiYKJAmeqQVOrJQwQBGPNtZQH9opQBl7EZ8DSoVfQCFITo-4jV9dQEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/quebec/@48.50702227,-75.79406916,-5708.1975382a,6434702.57111907d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnUaRxJBCiUweDRjYjg5NjhhMDVkYjg4OTM6MHg4ZmM1MmQ2M2YwZTgzYTAzGVt90A4TaEdAIXBPoQRHzVHAKgZxdWViZWMYAiABIiYKJAlbgUrzWrpFQBHHk9LWiDYzQBlb7KjYJy8owCE6cXWCDX1mwEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/quebec/@48.50702227,-75.79406916,-5708.1975382a,6434702.57111907d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnUaRxJBCiUweDRjYjg5NjhhMDVkYjg4OTM6MHg4ZmM1MmQ2M2YwZTgzYTAzGVt90A4TaEdAIXBPoQRHzVHAKgZxdWViZWMYAiABIiYKJAlbgUrzWrpFQBHHk9LWiDYzQBlb7KjYJy8owCE6cXWCDX1mwEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/martinique/@14.86558886,-61.95030778,124.26103482a,923532.02819824d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CnkaSxJFCiUweDhjNmFhMGY5MDA2NjA3MGQ6MHhlMTAwMWIxMjE3YWZlN2IwGcPvplt2SC1AIe20NSIYg07AKgptYXJ0aW5pcXVlGAIgASImCiQJ0CuobCUbRUARlzi-G8-VLEAZONNL7GH78z8hNodIy8gaY8BCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/martinique/@14.86558886,-61.95030778,124.26103482a,923532.02819824d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CnkaSxJFCiUweDhjNmFhMGY5MDA2NjA3MGQ6MHhlMTAwMWIxMjE3YWZlN2IwGcPvplt2SC1AIe20NSIYg07AKgptYXJ0aW5pcXVlGAIgASImCiQJ0CuobCUbRUARlzi-G8-VLEAZONNL7GH78z8hNodIy8gaY8BCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/martinique/@16.06547691,-61.48392886,-54.14401355a,503629.17600788d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CmcaORIzCiUweDhjMGU3NTVhNzcyODdkNTE6MHhlY2JlM2UzN2I3NGEwN2FiKgpHdWFkZWxvdXBlGAIgASImCiQJxLr9nWP2NkARw7r9nWP2NsAZ8OA8kStLSkAh2jL1r7B2SsBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/martinique/@16.06547691,-61.48392886,-54.14401355a,503629.17600788d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CmcaORIzCiUweDhjMGU3NTVhNzcyODdkNTE6MHhlY2JlM2UzN2I3NGEwN2FiKgpHdWFkZWxvdXBlGAIgASImCiQJxLr9nWP2NkARw7r9nWP2NsAZ8OA8kStLSkAh2jL1r7B2SsBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/haiti/@19.00173896,-73.02538047,-622.27581389a,669410.43763116d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnQaRhJACiUweDhlYjZjNmYzN2ZjYmJiMTE6MHhiNTE0MzhiMjRjNTRmNmQzGeRME7af-DJAIQhVavZAElLAKgVoYWl0aRgCIAEiJgokCVus0cebhTFAEcbiMuokEChAGVC9ru-aukvAIWTbpDdWHFHAQgIIAToDCgEwQgIIAEoNCP___________wEQAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/haiti/@19.00173896,-73.02538047,-622.27581389a,669410.43763116d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnQaRhJACiUweDhlYjZjNmYzN2ZjYmJiMTE6MHhiNTE0MzhiMjRjNTRmNmQzGeRME7af-DJAIQhVavZAElLAKgVoYWl0aRgCIAEiJgokCVus0cebhTFAEcbiMuokEChAGVC9ru-aukvAIWTbpDdWHFHAQgIIAToDCgEwQgIIAEoNCP___________wEQAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/Lousiane/@30.95719845,-88.00692666,521.77084478a,2706934.27256048d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CngaShJECiUweDg2MjBhNDU0YjIxMTgyNjU6MHhjOTU1ZjczMjgxZTU0NzAzGeWWVkPihD5AIdRtP89V4VbAKglMb3Vpc2lhbmUYAiABIiYKJAmk0_LzRec0QBHxQqO0lfswQBkP2W-sABNRwCFN8mn-PnBTwEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/Lousiane/@30.95719845,-88.00692666,521.77084478a,2706934.27256048d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CngaShJECiUweDg2MjBhNDU0YjIxMTgyNjU6MHhjOTU1ZjczMjgxZTU0NzAzGeWWVkPihD5AIdRtP89V4VbAKglMb3Vpc2lhbmUYAiABIiYKJAmk0_LzRec0QBHxQqO0lfswQBkP2W-sABNRwCFN8mn-PnBTwEICCAE6AwoBMEICCABKDQj___________8BEAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/Pondichery/@13.59394083,76.7073583,1154.09182818a,2438993.59352499d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnkaSxJFCiUweDNhNTM2MWFiOGU0OWNmY2Y6MHhjYzZiZDMyNmQyZjBiMDRlGRdi9UcY4idAIf8atWe781NAKgpQb25kaWNoZXJ5GAIgASImCiQJCkc4lTHJQkARHO-B1vGrM0AZO6za5P6PTsAhpbqghuO4XMBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/Pondichery/@13.59394083,76.7073583,1154.09182818a,2438993.59352499d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CnkaSxJFCiUweDNhNTM2MWFiOGU0OWNmY2Y6MHhjYzZiZDMyNmQyZjBiMDRlGRdi9UcY4idAIf8atWe781NAKgpQb25kaWNoZXJ5GAIgASImCiQJCkc4lTHJQkARHO-B1vGrM0AZO6za5P6PTsAhpbqghuO4XMBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAAhttps://earth.google.com/web/search/Inde/@22.66001238,78.7071747,292.36218361a,10018307.59602427d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CnMaRRI_CiUweDMwNjM1ZmYwNmI5MmI3OTE6MHhkNzhjNGZhMTg1NDIxM2E2GZEotKz7lzRAIT1-b9OfvVNAKgRJbmRlGAIgASImCiQJ8XCGS_5oNUARq-co_oLGLEAZDjoJ--qzUMAhOAaYNb72VMBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAA
https://earth.google.com/web/search/Inde/@22.66001238,78.7071747,292.36218361a,10018307.59602427d,35y,-0h,0t,0r/data=CnMaRRI_CiUweDMwNjM1ZmYwNmI5MmI3OTE6MHhkNzhjNGZhMTg1NDIxM2E2GZEotKz7lzRAIT1-b9OfvVNAKgRJbmRlGAIgASImCiQJ8XCGS_5oNUARq-co_oLGLEAZDjoJ--qzUMAhOAaYNb72VMBCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAA